home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
Text File | 1985-11-17 | 10.4 KB | 219 lines | [TEXT/ttxt] |
-
- Using Vmode
-
- Introduction
-
- VMode is a desk accessory--to start it, choose it from the 'Apple' menu while
- in Microsoft Word (it will not work within other programs). Vmode creates a
- hybrid editing environment where you can use a large subset of the editing
- commands of the editor 'vi', as well as the normal Word editing features. When
- you start VMode a new 'Mode' menu appears at the right. By selecting the
- 'VMode' entry in this menu you can exit or reenter vi mode at any time.
-
- While in vi mode, all the normal mouse/menu manipulations are available. There
- are only two Keyboard command differences--in insert mode,'CMD W' no longer
- closes windows, in non-insert mode 'CMD D' no longer formats characters. Word
- obeys vi rules only when you are working in document windows: the usual rules
- apply at all other times--while working in a "find" window, in a desk
- accessory, etc.
-
- Vmode reminds you of what mode you are in by 'inverting' the menubar (white
- letters on a black background) when you are in non-insert mode. Most users
- familiar with 'vi' and Word, should find the hybrid editing environment easy to
- use. There are however two features of this environment which will probably
- require slight habit adjustments. 1) While in non-insert mode, if you choose
- to make changes in text by first selecting the text and then typing new text,
- you must remember to type 'i' to get into insert mode before typing the new
- text. 2) Backspace never has the "move left non-destructively" meaning it has
- in non-insert mode in conventional 'vi'--it always has the effect it would have
- in the normal Word environment. To move left non-destructively in non-insert
- mode, use the conventional 'vi' alternative 'h'.
-
- The Commands
-
- VMode supports most of the conventional vi commands but currently lacks line
- operations such as 'dd', 'cc', and 'J'. VMode works by translating vi commands
- into Word commands--so it lacks some commands which require capabilities not
- possessed by Word (most sorely missed; backwards searching commands, marking
- and returning commands). The '`' key serves as the escape key--use it to get
- to non-insert mode from insertmode, to abort the building of numbers, etc.
-
- Non-insert mode
-
- Movement commands
-
- You may use preceeding numbers to multiply the effects of movement commands.
- (However, the use of numbered movement commands may be prohibitively slow for
- numbers larger than 30 or so.)
-
- 'l', SPACE move right
- 'h' move left
- 'j' move down
- 'k' move up
- 'RETURN' beginning of line below
- '-' beginning of line above
- 'w' word forward
- 'b' word back
- ')' sentence forward
- '(' sentence back
- 'H' top left of visible screen
- 'L' bottom right of visible screen
- '0' start of line
- '$' end of line
- 'G' by itself--to end of file, with number to the start of Nth page
- CMD plus 'd' scroll down one page
- CMD plus 'u' scroll up one page
- CMD plus '-' scroll up one line
- CMD plus '+' scroll down one line
-
- The following movement commands work by opening up a search window (but out of
- the way where you can't see it), and closing it after the search is over. This
- has two important consequences. 1) For these commands to work smoothly, you
- must close every search window that you opened with CMD 'f' or equivalent,
- after you are through searching. (If you do not--for example if you make the
- text window the front window by clicking on it--your next use of one of these
- commands will not result in a search--it will merely result in the search
- window being closed for you). 2) Should a search fail, there will be a
- multiple beep sound and a 'search failed' type of window will appear. You
- should close the error window and the find window before doing anything else.
-
- You can combine operators (see below) with 'f', 't' and ';' but not the other
- movement commands in this section. (Note that you should only do so when the
- letter being searched for is visible within the window and on the same line as
- the current position--if the letter is on another line, or moving to the letter
- results in horizontal scrolling, undesirable results will be obtained.) Except
- when used with operators, there are none of the conventional between-line
- movement restrictions for 'f' etc.
-
- 'fx' find and move to the letter 'x'.
- 'tx' find and move to the character before the letter 'x'.
- ';' repeats most recent 't' or 'f' search
- 'e' move to the end of the word
- '}' move to the start of the next paragraph
- '/' open search window--equivalent to Command + 'f' (does not take numbers)
- 'n' search for last pattern searched for in most recent Command + 'f' (or
- equivalent) search
-
- Insert mode
-
- While in insert mode the following have special meanings:
-
- Command + 'w'
-
- deletes backward one word (differs from the normal Word feature, Option
- + Backspace, in that it avoids deleting forwards when there is no space
- to the right of the current insertion point)
-
- Command + Backspace
-
- expand glossary abbreviation (is equivalent to Command + Backspace
- followed by Command + Shift + Space, so that text typed immediately
- after a glossary expansion is plain text)
-
- Command + '`'
-
- inserts '`'
-
- To start insertion use the following commands:
-
- 'i' insert starting at current position
- 'a' insert starting one char right of current position
- 'I' insert starting at beginning of line
- 'A' insert starting at end of line
-
- Operators
-
- These commands combine with motion commands to effect all characters
- from the current character to the movement destination.
-
- 'y' ("yank") copies characters to clipboard
- 'd' ("delete") cuts characters to clipboard
- 'c' ("change") cuts characters to clipboard and leaves in insert mode
- 'Y' selects characters.
-
- Simple changes
-
- 'rX' replace current character with 'X'
- 'x' delete N characters forward from current character
- 's' delete N characters and leave in insert mode
- 'X' delete N characters backward from character before current character
- 'D' delete from current position to end of line
- 'C' delete from current position to end of line and leave in insert mode
-
- Miscellaneous
-
- 'p' paste contents of clipboard to right of current position
- 'P' paste contents of clipboard to left of current position
- 'u' undo
- '.' redo
-
- (The following discussion assumes that you have edited Word with the Resource
- Editor so that Command + 'l' is equivalent to Show Glossary see above.)
- Normally operators ('d', 'y', etc.) and the put commmands ('p', and 'P') cut,
- copy and paste text to and from the clipboard. It is possible to cut, copy and
- paste to and from 'named buffers' by preceding the command with '"' (double
- quote) and a single letter. Thus '"ad2w' deletes two words and puts them in
- buffer a, while '"bp' pastes from buffer b. (The named buffers are actually
- glossary entries--Oa for buffer a, etc.)
-
- Installing Vmode
-
- To install Vmode, you must use Resource Editor of creation date Jan. 25, 1985
- or later. You install vmode by copying the 'DRVR' type resource in the file
- named 'vmode' and pasting it into your System file. (You may wonder why it is
- not more appropriate to add the driver to Word itself--while this is possible,
- the addition alerts part of the copy-protection scheme and you will have to
- insert the master disk every time you use the program). You will probably also
- want to modify Menu ID 258 of Word so that Command-key + 'l' (the letter 'el')
- is equivalent to 'Show Glossary'--this will allow you to use the named buffers
- --see below.
-
- Past and Future
-
- This program started as something I called MacMacros--a desk accessory for use
- in any program which makes it possible for any key to be expanded into any
- arbitrary combination of key strokes. I gave it a mode that made Word obey vi
- rules. For the moment I have decided not to distribute MacMacros principally
- for two reasons. 1) The appearance on the market (before completing MacMacros)
- of Assimilation Inc.'s MacTracks. For most people, and for most purposes, this
- program will provide an adequate means of creating macros within programs. (It
- is compatible with VMode and can be used to create vi macros). 2) The fact
- that I am a biologist and program as a sideline--I don't have time at the
- moment to make MacMacros as powerful and user-friendly as I'd like.
-
- However, there are certain features necessary for an optimally useful macro
- program which MacTracks lacks. These include a) the ability to edit existing
- macros (so you don't have to type a long one in all over again to correct one
- mistake) b) the ability to create macros that work for a while in one
- application and then work for a while in another (either with one program
- ending, and the other beginning, or in the switcher environment) c) the ability
- to make a macro repeat itself a set number of times or repeat itself
- indefinitely until some condition is met d) the ability to generate a number of
- null events to pad some events--for some programs (such as Word) which display
- certain bugs when commands follow upon each other too quickly e) the ability to
- manipulate windows independently of their current dimensions or positions (eg.
- making it possible to include a command equivalent to "click on the title bar
- of the window which is third from the front"). As MacMacros has most of these
- features, I may yet
-
- For the near future my plans are to release desk accessories equivalent to
- VMode which will make Word obey the syntax of other popular editors (eg.
- WordStar).
-
- In closing, I leave you with two tips for using the current version of
- MacTracks. 1) When you are using the Switcher, you may start up the desk
- accessory in one application (to make a new macro or whatever) but if you start
- it in another, the system crashes. It is possible to use macros in more than
- one application but they have to have been created ahead of time in all but one
- application. 2) Within Word, commands tend to get lost after commands that
- opened, closed or manipulated a window (particularly the find window). Pad
- these commands by grabbing a window, moving it slightly and then moving it
- back. Also, it seems to be safer to select a command from the menu rather than
- use the keyboard equivalent.
-
- Apple is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Macintosh is a registered
- trademark licensed to Apple Computer, Inc. Switcher is a registered trademark
- of Apple Computer, Inc. Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corp.
- MacTracks is a trademark of Assimilation, Inc. WordStar is a registered
- trademark of MicroPro International Corp.
-